A long vowel in Arabic is exactly what it sounds like. It’s a lengthening of the short vowel. It is exactly like the short one but held longer in pronunciation. This is usually accomplished in English by using a double letter just like in the words “loop” and deep”. There are three long vowels: ā, ū, and ī written medially as 'alif ا, wāw و and yā' ي, respectively. Occasionally, ā is written using a yā' without dots (ى) rather than an alif. This always happens at the end of a word and is called ’alif maqsūra as in على (alā) which means “on”. - ā: (long a) is pronounced like a short “a” in ordinary environments but held for a much longer duration, some say "twice as much time".- ū: (long a) is pronounced like a short “u” but held for a much longer duration, like “oo” of “moon”.- ī: (long i) Similar to the “ea” in “beat”. In velar environments, the quality is significantly “clouded”-rather like “ea” in “peal”. Long vowels in Arabic(unvocalised text)NameTrans.Value0627ا(implied fatḥa) ʾalifā/aː/0649ى(implied fatḥa) ʾalif maqṣūra (Arabic)ā / aỳ/a/0648و(implied ḍamma) wāwū / uw/uː/064Aي(implied kasra) yāʾī / iy/iː/ Diphthongs in Arabic:Diphthongs in Arabic are vowel sounds consisting of two parts, a short vowel and a consonant. the diphthongs "ay" and "aw" are written ـَ ي as in "بيت" [baitun] a "house", and ـَ و as in "خوف" [khaufun] Arabic name for "Fear". Long vowels and diphthongsـَاـُوـِيـَوـَيTransliterationaAuwiyAwayTranscription/ā/ (long a)/ū/ (long u)/ī/ (long i)/aw//ay/